3D fabric is the latest invention of the textile sector. Nowadays 3D fabric playing a vital role in making spacesuits and other experiments going on for using this fabric. 3D fabrics are fabrics that can be measured in three dimensions while conventional fabrics measure in two dimensions. The fabric is defined as a single fabric system, the material of which is arranged in yarn that seems to have been folded into three interconnected layers. It is basically made of solid structure and solid with multiple layers.
Reason for making 3D cloth
The technological use of textile products is currently playing an important role. Single and 2D textiles have been widely used. An important feature of 2D lamination is the direction of fiber and it has difficulty in processing. Skills are also required for the processes.
3D fabrications can be provided to overcome the disadvantages of 2D. As:
- With 3D knitting net can produce its fabrics in flames greatly reducing material costs and time
- The density of the medium can be adjusted by controlling the amount of Z-Yarn
- 3D fabric has the ability to withstand damage
- 3D blends provide better paste effect and mechanical properties than 2D layers
- Shear rigidity of 3D woven fabrics has very low rigidity resulting in very good creativity
Classification of 3D fabric
Geometrically
– 3D solid
Multilayer, orthogonal
– 3D hollow
Flat surface, uneven surface
– 3D Shell
Based on knitting
– 3D nodal
Production method
- 3D fabrics can be produced by the following methods/principles:
- Stitching operation
- Multilayer principle
- Orthogonal principle
- Angle interlock principle
- Dual direction shedding method
Application of 3D fabric
3D Fabric has many uses and 3D woven fabrics are being used in many applications, like construction, automotive, ballistic and carbon fiber.
In treatment, technologies such as artificial veins, arteries, orthopedic tubes, scalp-folding, artificial joints and organs, etc.
It is used in lightweight construction such as the reinforced division of automotive engineering and aeronautics; construction of pipelines; shin guard for soccer, defensive headgear for diving in the sky, high-speed water sports.
3D woven fabric composites are the ideal material for aircraft and aerospace applications. The weight ratio requires high-strength. They are used in space structures such as missiles, rockets and satellites. Structural components used in space include trusses, platforms, shells, ships and tanks.
Why Bangladesh should produce 3D fabric
In our country most of the textile industry produces a regular type of garments such as T-shirt, jeans, shirt, etc. but they are not trying to produce technical textiles such as 3D fabric. For this type of phenomenon our textile sector losing our brand value that is made in Bangladesh. To cope up with the new era we can take major steps for producing 3D fabric that will take our textile sector in a new era.
Market value of 3D fabric
The global 3d fabric market was valued at US$5 million in 2018 and it will reach US$20 million by the end of 2025, according to MarketLine.
List of the top manufacturers of the 3D fabric market
3D Weaving
Sigmatex
Textum
Cetriko
Cristex
Industry experts are thinking that the growth trend will be continuing as demand for technical textile is increasing. So, Bangladesh can produce this type of high value-added fabrics and garments as well.
